Publications

Papers in Scientific Journals

• ◘ S Squires, EF Harkness, A Mackenzie A, et al Breast density prediction from low and standard dose mammograms using deep learning: effect of image resolution and model training approach on prediction quality.  Biomed Phys Eng Express 10:045021   (link) - 2024
• ◘ S Squires, A Mackenzie, DG Evans, et al  Capability and reliability of deep learning models to make density predictions on low-dose mammograms.  Journal of Medical Imaging Volume 11, Issue 4, 044506 (August 2024) (link) - 2024
• ◘ W Hamad, MJ Michell, JP Myles et al. Diagnostic performance of tomosynthesis plus synthetic mammography versus full-field digital mammography with or without tomosynthesis in breast cancer screening: A systematic review and meta-analysis  International Journal of Cancer. 2024; 1-11. doi:10.1002/ijc.35217   (link) - 2024
• ◘ J Loveland, A Mackenzie  Radiation doses received in the UK breast screening programmes 2019-2023. British Journal of Radiology 97:787–793.    (link) - 2024
• ◘ A Mackenzie, E Lewis, J Loveland  Successes and challenges in extracting information from DICOM image databases for audit and research  The British Institute of Radiology Vol. 96 No. 1151 (link) - 2023
• ◘ D Cushnan, K C Young, D Ward et al Lessons learned from independent external validation of an AI tool to detect breast cancer using a representative UK dataset  The British Institute of Radiology 10.1259/bjr.20211104 (link) - 2023
• ◘ J Loveland, K C Young, J M Oduko et al  Radiation Doses in the United Kingdom breast screening programmes 2016-2019  The British Journal of Radiology May 2022 bjr.20211400 (link) - 2022
• ◘ M Stuffins, J Loveland, M Halling-Brown, A Mackenzie  The relationship between age of digital mammography systems and number of reported faults and downtime  Physica Medica 98, 113-121 (link) - 2022
• ◘ A Mackenzie, J Boita, DR Dance, KC Young  Development of an algorithm to convert mammographic images to appear as if acquired with different technique factors  Journal of Medical Imaging 9 (3), 033504 (link) - 2022
• ◘ A Mackenzie, S Kaur, E L Thomson, M Mitchell et al  Effect of glandularity on the detection of simulated cancers in planar, tomosynthesis, and synthetic 2D imaging of the breast using a hybrid virtual clinical trial Medical Physics Online https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/mp.15216 (link) - 2021
• ◘ A J Abdi, B Mussmann, A Mackenzie et al  Visual Evaluation of Image Quality of a Low Dose 2D/3D Slot Scanner Imaging System Compared to Two Conventional Digital Radiography X-ray Imaging Systems Diagnostics 2021, Vol. 11, Page 1932 11 1932 Online: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/10/1932/htm (link) - 2021
• ◘ A J Abdi, B R Mussmann, A Mackenzie et al  Quantitative Image Quality Metrics of the Low-Dose 2D/3D Slot Scanner Compared to Two Conventional Digital Radiography X-ray Imaging Systems Diagnostics 2021, Vol. 11, Page 1699 11 1699 Online: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/9/1699/htm (link) - 2021
• ◘ A Mackenzie, E L Thomson, M Mitchell et al  Virtual clinical trial to compare cancer detection using combinations of 2D mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis and synthetic 2D imaging European Radiology 2021 1–9 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00330-021-08197-x (link) - 2021
• ◘ J Boita, R E van Engen, A Mackenzie et al How does image quality affect radiologists' perceived ability for image interpretation and lesion detection in digital mammography?  European Radiology 31:5335-5343. (link) - 2021
• ◘ E S Burnside, L M Warren, J Myles et al  Quantitative breast density analysis to predict interval and node-positive cancers in pursuit of improved screening protocols: a case-control study  British Journal of Cancer; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-021-01466-y (link) - 2021
• ◘ J Boita, A Mackenzie, R E van Engen et al Validation of a mammographic image quality modification algorithm using 3D-printed breast phantoms  Journal of Medical Imaging, 8(3), 033502 (2021) (link) - 2021
• ◘ J Boita, R E van Engen, A Mackenzie et al  Validation of a candidate instrument to assess image quality in digital mammography using ROC analysis  European Journal of Radiology 139:109686 (link) - 2021
• ◘ J Boita, A Bolejko, S Zackrisson et al  Development and content validity evaluation of a candidate instrument to assess image quality in digital mammography: A mixed-method study  European Journal of Radiology 134: 109464 (link) - 2021
• ◘ M D Halling-Brown, L M Warren, D Ward et al. OPTIMAM Mammography Image Database: A large-scale resource of mammography images and clinical data. Radiology AI 3:e200103   (link) - 2020
• ◘ S M McKinney, M Sieniek, V Godbole et al.  International evaluation of an AI system for breast cancer screening. Nature 577, 89–94 (2020) (link) - 2020
• ◘ D Petrov, N Marshall, KC Young et al  Model and human observer reproducibility for detection of microcalcification clusters in digital breast tomosynthesis images of three-dimensionally structured test object  Journal of Medical Imaging 6 (1), 015503 (link) - 2019
• ◘ O Diaz, P Elangovan, KC Young et al  Simple method for computing scattered radiation in breast tomosynthesis  Medical Physics, Volume 46, Issue 11 p: 4826 - 4836 (link) - 2019
• ◘ A J Abdi, B Mussman, A Mackenzie et al  Comparison of radiation exposure to the patient and contrast detail resolutions across low dose 2D/3D slot scanner and two conventional digital radiography X-ray imaging systems  Radiation Protection Dosimetry (2019) (link) - 2019
• ◘ D Petrov, N W Marshall, K C Young, H Bosmans  Systematic approach to channelized Hotelling model observer implementation for a physical phantom containing mass-like lesions: Application to digital breast tomosynthesis  Physica Medica 58, 8 - 20  (link) - 2019
• ◘ A Hadjipanteli, P Elangovan, A Mackenzie et al  The threshold detectable mass diameter for 2D-mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis  Physica Medica 57, 25 - 32 (link) - 2019
• ◘ P Elangovan, A Mackenzie, DR Dance et al  Lesion detectability in 2D-mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis using different targets and observers  Physics in Medicine and Biology 63 (9), 095014 (link) - 2018
• ◘ S W Duffy, O W E Morrish, P C Allgood et al  Mammographic density and breast cancer risk in breast screening assessment cases and women with a family history of breast cancer  European Journal of Cancer 88, 48 - 56, January 2018 (link) - 2018
• ◘ C J Strudley, K C Young, L M Warren Mammography cancer detection: comparison of single 8MP and pair of 5MP reporting monitors The British Journal of Radiology 91 (1090), 20170246 (link) - 2018
• ◘ E Fredenberg, P Willsher, E Moa et al  Measurement of breast-tissue x-ray attenuation by spectral imaging: fresh and fixed normal and malignant tissue Physics in Medicine and Biology 63 (23), 235003 - 2018
• ◘ P Elangovan, A Mackenzie, D R Dance et al  Design and Validation of Realistic Breast Models for Use in Multiple Alternative Forced Choice Virtual Clinical Trials  Phys. Med. Biol. 62:2778-2794, 2017 (link) - 2017
• ◘ R W Bouwman, A Mackenzie, RE van Engen et al. Towards image quality assessment in mammography using model observer: detection of calcification like objects. Medical Physics 2017 Vol 44, p5726-39. (link) - 2017
• ◘ A Mackenzie, TD Eales, HL Dunn et al. Simulation of images of CDMAM phantom and the estimation of measurement uncertainties of threshold gold thickness. Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics 39:137-146, 2017 (link) - 2017
• ◘ A Mackenzie, NW Marshall, A Hadjipanteli et al. Characterisation of noise and sharpness of images from four digital breast tomosynthesis systems for simulation of images for virtual clinical trials.  Phys. Med. Biol. 62:2376-2397,2017 (link) - 2017
• ◘ A Sarno, DR Dance, RE van Engen et al.  A Monte Carlo model for mean glandular dose evaluation in spot compression mammography.  Medical Physics 44:3848-3860, 2017. (link) - 2017
• ◘ LM Warren, M Halling-Brown, PT Looney et al. Image processing can cause some malignant soft tissue lesions to be missed in digital mammography images  Clinical Radiology 72:799.e1-799.e8, 2017 (link) - 2017
• ◘ L Cockmartin, NW Marshall, G Zhang et al.  Design and application of a structured phantom for detection performance comparison between breast tomosynthesis and digital mammography. Phys Med Biol 62 758-780. (link) - 2017
• ◘ A Hadjipanteli, P Elangovan, A Mackenzie et al.  The effect of system geometry and dose on the threhold detectable calcification diameter in 2D-mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis. Phys Med Biol 62 (2017) 858-877. (link) - 2017
• ◘ R W Bouwman, M Goffi, RE van Engen et al. Can the non-pre-whitening model observer, including aspects of the human visual system, predict human observer performance in mammography?  Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics 32:1559-1569, 2017 (link) - 2017
• ◘ H Petersson, LM Warren, A Tingberg et al.  Validation of a simulation procedure for generating breast tomosynthesis projection images. Radiation Protection Dosimetry (2016) (doi:10.1093/rpd/ncv555). (link) - 2016
• ◘ A Mackenzie, LM Warren, MG Wallis et al. The relationship between cancer detection in mammography and image quality measurements. Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics (published online) doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.03.004 (link) - 2016
• ◘ RW Bouwman, J Binst, DR Dance et al.  Simulating local dense areas using PMMA to assess automatic exposure contol in digital mammography.  Radiation Protection dosimetry. 2016 Mar 13:ncw032. (doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncw032) (link) - 2016
• ◘ K Erhard, F Kilburn-Toppin, P Willsher et al. Characterization of Cystic Lesions by Spectral Mammography: Results of a Clinical Pilot Study. Invest Radiol. 2016 May;51(5):340-7. doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000246. (link) - 2016
• ◘ KC Young, JM Oduko.  Radiation doses received in the United Kingdom breast screening programme in 2010 to 2012.  Br J Radiol 2016;89:20150831. doi:10.1259/bjr.20150831. (link) - 2016
• ◘ FJ Gilbert, L Tucker, KC Young. Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT): a review of the evidence for use as a screening tool. Clin Radiol 2016;71:141-50. doi:10.1016/j.crad.2015.11.008. (link) - 2016
• ◘ A Mackenzie, LM Warren, MG Wallis, et al. The relationship between cancer detection in mammography and image quality measurements. Physica Medica 2016;32:568-74. doi:10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.03.004. (link) - 2016
• ◘ R W Bouwman, M Goffi, R E van Engen et al. Can the channelized Hotelling observer including aspects of the human visual system predict human observer performance in mammography? Physica Medica, January 2017 Volume 33 Pages 95-105 (link) - 2016
• ◘ R W Bouwman, R E van Engen, M J M Broeders et al. Can the non-pre-whitening model observer, including aspects of the human visual system, predict human observer performance in mammography. Physica Medica 32 1559-1569. (link) - 2016
• ◘ L M Warren, D R Dance and K C Young. Radiation risk of breast screening in England with digital mammography.  Brit J Radiol: doi: 10.1259/bjr.20150897. (link) - 2016
• ◘ D R Dance and I Sechopoulos  Dosimetry in x-ray-based breast imaging (invited topical review).  Phys Med Biol 61 R271-304 (link) - 2016
• ◘ A Mackenzie, LM Warren, MG Wallis et al  Breast cancer detection rates using four different types of mammography detectors.  European Radiology 2016; 26:874-83 doi: 10.1007/s00330-015-3885-y. - 2016
• ◘ E Fredenberg, F Kilburn-Toppin, DR Dance et al  Measurement of breast-tissue x-ray attenuation by spectral mammography: solid lesions.  Phys. Med. Biol. 61 (2016) 2595-2612. (doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/61/7/2595) (link) - 2016
• ◘ KC Young  Commentary on: A Comparison of two digital mammography systems: are there any differences?  Clinical Radiology 2016;71:25-6. doi:10.1016/j.crad.2015.11.003. (link) - 2016
• ◘ CJ Strudley, KC Young, P Looney, FJ Gilbert. Development and experience of quality control methods for digital breast tomosynthesis systems. Br J Radiol 2015;88:20150324. doi:10.1259/bjr.20150324. (link) - 2015
• ◘ PT Looney, KC Young, MD Halling-Brown. Medxviewer: providing a web-enabled workstation environment for collaborative and remote medical imaging viewing; perception studies and reader training.  Radiation Protection Dosimetry (DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv482) (2015) (link) - 2015
• ◘ A Mackenzie, LM Warren, MG Wallis et al. Breast cancer detection rates using four different types of mammography detector.  European Radiology (DOI: 10.1007/s00330-015-3885-y) (June 2015) (link) - 2015
• ◘ FJ Gilbert, L Tucker, MGC Gillan et al  Accuracy of digital breast tomosynthesis for depicting breast cancer subgroups in a UK retrospective reading study (TOMMY Trial). Radiology 2015; 277: 697-706 (link) - 2015
• ◘ F Gilbert, L Tucker, M Gillan et al  A comparison of TOMosynthesis with digital MammographY (TOMMY Trial) in the UK NHS Breast Screening Programme Radiology (accepted) - 2015
• ◘ R W Bouwman, O Diaz, R E van Engen et al Dose assessment in contrast enhanced digital mammography using simple phantoms simulating standard model breasts Phys. Med. Biol. 60 (2015) N1-7 (doi:10.1088/0031-9155/60/1/N1. Epub 2014 Dec 1) (link) - 2015
• ◘ P Looney, M D Halling-Brown, J M Oduko, K C Young  A pilot study on the Development of Remote Quality Control of Digital Mammography Systems in the NHS Breast Screening Programme  1-8 Journal of Digital Imaging, 2015 (Published online 13th January 2015) (link) - 2015
• ◘ L Cockmartin, N W Marshall, C Van Ongeval et al  Comparison of digital breast tomosynthesis and 2D digital mammography using a hybrid performance test  Phys. Med. Biol. 60 (2015) 3939-58 (link) - 2015
• ◘ R W Bouwman, R E van Engen, K C Young et al  Average mean glandular dose in digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis: comparison of phantom and patient data  Phys. Med. Biol. 60 (2015)  (link) - 2015
• ◘ A Mackenzie, L M Warren, M G Wallis et al  Breast Cancer detection rates using four different types of mammography detector  European Radiology (Accepted) (link) - 2015
• ◘ P Elangovan, L M Warren, A Mackenzie et al  Development and validation of a modelling framework for simulating 2D-mammography and breast tomosynthesis images  Phys. Med. Biol., 59 (15): 4275-4293 (2014) (link) - 2014
• ◘ E Shaheen, F De Keyzer, H Bosmans et al  The simulation of 3D mass models in 2D digital mammography and breast tomosynthesis  Med. Phys. 41 (2014) 081913 (link) - 2014
• ◘ D R Dance, K C Young  Estimation of mean glandular dose for contrast enhanced digital mammography: factors for use with the UK, European and IAEA breast dosimetry protocols. Phys. Med. Biol. 59 (2014) 2127-37 - 2014
• ◘ L M Warren, R M Given-Wilson, M G Wallis et al The Effect of Image Processing on the Detection of Cancers in Digital Mammography  American Journal of Roentgenology, 203(2): 387-393 (2014) (link) - 2014
• ◘ O Diaz, D R Dance, K C Young et al  Estimation of scattered radiation in digital breast tomosynthesis Phys. Med. Biol. 59 (2014) 4375-4390 (link) - 2014
• ◘ A Mackenzie, D R Dance, O Diaz, K C Young Image simulation and a model of noise power spectra across a range of mammographic beam qualities (Medical Physics 12/2014; 41(12):121901. DOI: 10.1118/1.4900819) (link) - 2014
• ◘ Warren L M, Green F H, Shrestha L et al Validation of simulation of calcifications for observer studies in digital mammography. Phys. Med. Biol. 58 N217-N228 (2013) (link) - 2013
• ◘ Fredenberg E, Dance D R, Willsher P et al Measurement of breast-tissue X-ray attenuation by spectral mammography: first results on cyst fluid. Phys. Med. Biol. 58 8609-8620 (2013) (link) - 2013
• ◘ Bouwman R W, Diaz O, van Engen R E et al Phantoms for quality control procedures in digital breast tomosynthesis: dose assessment Phys. Med. Biol. 58 4423 (2013) (link) - 2013
• ◘ Rashidnasab A, Elangovan P, Yip M et al Simulation and assessment of realistic breast lesions using fractal growth models. Phys. Med. Biol. 58 5613 (2013) (link) - 2013
• ◘ Warren L M, Mackenzie A, Dance D R, Young K C Comparing the attenuation properties of calcifications to aluminium, hydroxyapatite and calcium oxalate. Phys. Med. Biol. 58 N103-N113 (2013) (link) - 2013
• ◘ Mackenzie A, Dance D R, Yip M et al  Conversion of mammographic images to appear with the noise and sharpness characteristics of a different detector and X-ray system. Medical Physics 39 2721-34 (2012) (link) - 2012
• ◘ Warren L M, Mackenzie A, Cooke J et al  Effect of image quality on calcification detection in digital mammography. Medical Physics 39 3202-3213 (2012) (link) - 2012
• ◘ V Beral, M Alexander, S Duffy et al The number of women who would need to be screened regularly by mammography to prevent one death from breast cancer.  Journal of Medical Screening 18 210-212 (2011) - 2011
• ◘ Dance D R, Young K C and Van Engen R E  Estimation of mean glandular dose for breast tomosynthesis: factors for use with the UK, European and IAEA breast dosimetry protocols Phys. Med. Biol. 56 453 (2011). - 2011
• ◘ M Yip, A Mackenzie, E Lewis, et al.  Image resampling effects in mammographic image simulation. Phys Med Biol 56 N275-286 (2011) - 2011
• ◘ E Shaheen, C Van Ongeval, F Zanca, et al.  The simulation of 3D microcalcification clusters in 2D digital mammography and breast tomosynthesis. Medical Physics 38 6659-6671 (2011). - 2011
• ◘ Bouwman R, Young K C, Lazzari B, et al  An alternative method for noise analysis using pixel variance as part of quality control procedures on digital mammography systems Phys. Med. Biol. 54 6809-6822 (2009) - 2009
• ◘ Dance D R, Young K C and Van Engen R E  Further factors for the estimation of mean glandular dose using the United Kingdom, European and IAEA breast dosimetry protocols Phys. Med. Biol. 54 1-12 (2009) - 2009
• ◘ Law J, Faulkner K and Young K C  Risk factors for induction of breast cancer by x-rays and their implications for breast screening British Journal of Radiology 80 261-266 (2007) - 2007
• ◘ Pöyry P, Zanca F, Young K C, et al  Experimental investigation on the choice of the tungsten/rhodium anode/filter combination for an amorphous selenium based digital mammography system European Radiology 17 2368-2375 (2007) - 2007
• ◘ Norman R, Evans D G R, Easton D F and Young K C  The cost-utility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers aged 30-49 European Journal of Health Economics, 8, 2 137-144 (2007) - 2007
• ◘ Young K C  Recent developments in digital mammography Imaging 18 68-74 (2006) - 2006
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M, Bosmans H et al  Optimal beam quality selection in digital mammography British Journal of Radiology 79 981-990 (2006) - 2006
• ◘ Young K C, Burch A and Oduko J M  Radiation doses received in the UK breast screening programme in 2001 and 2002 British Journal of Radiology 78 207-218 (2005) - 2005
• ◘ Meeson S, Young K C, Wallis M G et al  Image features of true positive and false negative cancers in screening mammograms British Journal of Radiology 76 13-21 (2003) - 2003
• ◘ Young K C  Radiation doses in the United Kingdom trial of breast screening in women aged 40-48 years British Journal of Radiology 75 362-370 (2002) - 2002
• ◘ Meeson S, Young K C, Ramsdale M L et al Implications of using high contrast mammography X-ray film screen combinations British Journal of Radiology 74 825-835 (2001) - 2001
• ◘ Meeson S, Young K C, Holloway P B and Wallis M G Procedure to assess automatic exposure control in mammography: a study of the GE Senographe 600T British Journal of Radiology 74 615-620 (2001) - 2001
• ◘ Young K C and Burch A  Radiation doses received in the UK breast screening programme in 1997 and 1998 British Journal of Radiology 73 278-287 (2000) - 2000
• ◘ Meeson S, Young K C and Cooke J Skin edge perception in mammograms: a comparison of two film screen combinations British Journal of Radiology 73 370-375 (2000) - 2000
• ◘ Young K C, King S, Meeson S et al  Auditing the image quality of mammograms Radiation Protection Dosimetry 90 279-282 (2000) - 2000
• ◘ Dance D R, Skinner C L, Young K C et al  Additional factors for the estimation of mean glandular breast dose using the UK mammography dosimetry protocol Phys. Med Biol. 45 3225-3240 (2000) - 2000
• ◘ Meeson S, Young K C, Ramsdale M L, et al Analysis of optical density and contrast in mammograms British Journal of Radiology 72 670-677 (1999)  - 1999
• ◘ Young K C, Ramsdale M L and Rust A  Auditing mammographic dose and image quality in the UK breast screening programme Radiation Protection Dosimetry 80 291-294 (1998) - 1998
• ◘ Young K C, Ramsdale M L and Bignell F Review of dosimetric methods for mammography in the UK breast screening programme Radiation Protection Dosimetry 80 183-186 (1998) - 1998
• ◘ Young K C, Wallis M G, Blanks R and Moss S M  Influence of number of views and mammographic film density on the detection of invasive cancers: results from the NHS Breast Screening Programme British Journal of Radiology 70 482-488 (1997)  - 1997
• ◘ Young K C, Ramsdale M L, Rust A and Cooke J  Effect of automatic kV selection on dose and contrast in mammography British Journal of Radiology 70 1036-1042 (1997) - 1997
• ◘ Young K C, Ramsdale M L and Rust A  Dose and image quality with an automatic beam quality system British Journal of Radiology 69 555-562 (1996) - 1996
• ◘ Young K C, Ramsdale M L and Rust A  Survey of mammographic image quality in the UK Radiation Protection Dosimetry 57 163-165 (1995) - 1995
• ◘ Young K C  Comparison of dose measurement protocols in mammography Radiation Protection Dosimetry 57 401-403 (1995) - 1995
• ◘ Young K C, Wallis M G and Ramsdale M L  Mammographic film density and detection of small breast cancers Clinical Radiology 49 461-465 (1994) - 1994
• ◘ Young K C and Ramsdale M L  Evaluation of mammography image quality phantoms Radiation Protection Dosimetry 49 171-173 (1993) - 1993
• ◘ Young K C and Ramsdale M L  Image quality and dose measurement phantoms in the UK Breast Screening Programme Radiation Protection Dosimetry 49 175-177 (1993) - 1993

Conference Proceedings

• ◘ A Mackenzie, J Loveland, R van Engen  Survey of image processing settings used for mammography systems in the United Kingdom: how variable is it?  17th International Workshop on Breast Imaging (IWBI 2024). SPIE, pp 232–239 (link) - 2024
• ◘ J Loveland, A Mackenzie  Image quality in mammograms with low compressed breast thicknesses. In: 17th International Workshop on Breast Imaging (IWBI 2024). SPIE, pp 219–226 (link) - 2024
• ◘ A Worthy, A Mackenzie, N Smith, C Shenton-Taylor  Creation of simulated mammography data to supplement machine learning training datasets.  In: 17th International Workshop on Breast Imaging (IWBI 2024). SPIE, pp 284–289 (link) - 2024
• ◘ Mackenzie A, Khan R, Young K  Historical trends in image quality and mean glandular dose in digital mammography  Proc. SPIE 11513, 15th International Workshop on Breast Imaging 2020 (link) - 2020
• ◘ M L Hill, A Mackenzie, L M Warren, et al Mammographic image quality assessment by a contrast-to-noise ratio for clinical images  Proc. SPIE 11513, 15th International Workshop on Breast Imaging (IWBI2020), 115130I (22 May 2020) (link) - 2020
• ◘ Mackenzie A, Marshall N W, Baldelli P et al Methodology for undertaking quality control testing of ghosting in digital breast tomosynthesis systems  Proc. SPIE 11513, 15th International Workshop on Breast Imaging 2020 (link) - 2020
• ◘ Squires S, Ionescu G, Harkness E F et al  Automatic density prediction in low dose mammography  Proc. SPIE 11513, 15th International Workshop on Breast Imaging 2020 (link) - 2020
• ◘ Stuffins M, Halling-Brown M, Mackenzie A  The relationship between age of digital mammography systems and number of reported faults and downtime  Proc. of SPIE 11513, 15th International Workshop on Breast Imaging 2020 (link) - 2020
• ◘ L M Arana Peña, C Fedon,  E García et al  Monte Carlo dose evaluation of different fibroglandular tissue distribution in breast imaging Proc. SPIE 11513, 15th International Workshop on Breast Imaging (IWBI2020), 115130G (22 May 2020) (link) - 2020
• ◘ S Wells, P Elangovan, D R Dance et al. Modelling the use of stationary, rectangular arrays of x-ray emitters for digital breast tomosynthesis Proceedings Volume 11312, Medical Imaging 2020: Physics of Medical Imaging; 113120R (2020) (link) - 2020
• ◘ L M Warren, P Harris, S Gomes, M Trumble et al. Deep learning to calculate breast density from processed mammography images. Proc. SPIE 11513, 15th International Workshop on Breast Imaging (IWBI2020), 115131C (22 May 2020) (link) - 2020
• ◘ J Boita, A Mackenzie, I Sechopoulos  Validation of a method to simulate the acquisition of mammographic images with different techniques  Proceedings Volume 10948, Medical Imaging 2019: Physics of Medical Imaging: Physics of Medical Imaging; 109481K (2019) (link) - 2019
• ◘ E Du-Crow, L M Warren, S M Astley, J Hulleman  Is there a safety-net effect with computer-aided detection (CAD)? Proceedings Volume 10952, Medical Imaging 2019: Image Perception, Observer Performance and Technology Assessment; 109520J (2019) (link) - 2019
• ◘ P Elangovan, A Mackenzie, D R Dance et al  Validation of modelling tools for simulating wide-angle DBT systems  Medical Imaging 2019: Physics of Medical Imaging; 10948; 109482E (2019) (link) - 2019
• ◘ O Diaz, P Elangovan, D R Dance et al  Can breast models be simplified to estimate scattered radiation in breast tomosynthesis? Medical Imaging 2019: Physics of Medical Imaging; 10948: 109485J (2019) (link) - 2019
• ◘ A Mackenzie, H L Dunn, J Boita et al  A method to modify mammography images to appear as if acquired using different radiographic factors  Medical Imaging 2019: Physics of Medical Imaging 10948; 109482F (2019) (link) - 2019
• ◘ L M Warren, M D Halling-Brown, L S Wilkinson et al Changes in Breast Density  Medical Imaging 2019: Image Perception, Observer Performance and Technology Assessment; 109520W (2019) (link) - 2019
• ◘ A Mackenzie, E L Thomson, P Elangovan et al  An observer study to assess the detection of calcification clusters using 2D mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis, and synthetic 2D imaging  Medical Imaging 2019: Image Perception, Observer Performance and Technology Assessment; 109520U (2019) (link) - 2019
• ◘ W Murphy, P Elangovan, M Halling-Brown et al  Using transfer learning for a deep learning model observer  Medical Imaging 2019: Image Perception, Observer Performance and Technology Assessment; 109520E (2019) (link) - 2019
• ◘ J Boita, A Mackenzie, I Sechopoulos  Breast phantom validation of a mammographic image modification method  14th Int. Work. Breast Imaging (IWBI 2018) 10718, E . A. Krupinski, Ed., 59, SPIE (2018). (link) - 2018
• ◘ M D Halling-Brown, M N Patel, M G Wallis, K C Young Development of a national electronic interval cancer review for breast screening Medical Imaging 2018: Imaging Informatics for Healthcare, Research, and Applications; 105790E (2018) (link) - 2018
• ◘ M N Patel, K C Young, M D Halling-Brown Faster, efficient and secure collection of research images: the utilization of cloud technology to expand the OMI-DB  Medical Imaging 2018: Imaging Informatics for Healthcare, Research, and Applications; 105791E (2018) (link) - 2018
• ◘ D Petrov, N Marshall, K C Young, H Bosmans Model and human observer reproducibility for detecting microcalcifications in digital breast tomosynthesis images  Medical Imaging 2018: Image Perception, Observer Performance and Technology Assessment; 105770B (2018) (link) - 2018
• ◘ M Alnowami, G Mills, M Awis et al A deep learning model observer for use in alternative forced choice virtual clinical trials  Medical Imaging 2018: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment; 105770Q (2018) (link) - 2018
• ◘ P Elangovan, E Mihalas, M Alnowami et al  Design and validation of biologically inspired spiculated breast lesion models utilizing structural tissue distortion  Medical Imaging 2018: Physics of Medical Imaging 10573, 105730B (link) - 2018
• ◘ R W Bouwman, C Balta, D R Dance et al Independent images: a need for phantom based image quality assessment using model observers?  14th International Workshop on Breast Imaging (IWBI 2018) 10718, 107181N (link) - 2018
• ◘ A Mackenzie, S Kaur, P Elangovan et al. Comparison of synthetic 2D images with planar and tomosynthesis imaging of the breast using a virtual clinical trial  Medical Imaging 2018: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment vol 10577, ed R M Nishikawa and F W Samuelson (SPIE) p 16 (2018) (link) - 2018
• ◘ M L Hill, N Khan, K Wang et al Validation of noise estimation for a clinical contrast-to-noise ratio for digital mammographic imaging Medical Imaging 2018: Physics of Medical Imaging vol 10573, ed G-H Chen, J Y Lo and T Gilat Schmidt (SPIE) p 199 (2018) (link) - 2018
• ◘ D Petrov, L Cockmartin, N Marshall et al. Real space channelization for generic DBT system image quality evaluation with channelized Hotelling observer. Proc. SPIE 10136, Medical Imaging 2017: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment, 101360N. (link) - 2017
• ◘ P Elangovan, DR Dance, KC Young et al. Using non-specialist observers in 4AFC human observer studies. Proc. SPIE 10132, Medical Imaging 2017: Physics of Medical Imaging, 1013256. (link) - 2017
• ◘ A Mackenzie, KC Young, S Creten et al.  Improving the Quality of Optimisation Studies Undertaken in Mammography and General Radiology Using High Level Blended Teaching.  Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 75-82. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41546-8_10. (link) - 2016
• ◘ JM Oduko, KC Young Patient Dose Survey of Mammography Systems in the UK in 2013-2015  IWDM 2016. LNCS 9699, pp. 1-8, (2016) (link) - 2016
• ◘ A Mackenzie, A Hadjipanteli, P Elangovan et al. Effect of Dose on the Detection of Micro-Calcification Clusters for Planar and Tomosynthesis Imaging.   IWDM 2016 2016;LNCS 9699:152-9. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41546-8_20. (link) - 2016
• ◘ P Elangovan, A Hadjipanteli, A Mackenzie et al.  OPTIMAM Image Simulation Toolbox - Recent Developments and Ongoing Studies.  IWDM 2016 2016;9699:668-75. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41546-8_83. (link) - 2016
• ◘ D Petrov, K Michielsen, L Cockmartin et al.  Development and application of a channelized Hotelling observer for DBT optimization on structured background test images with mass simulating targets. In SPIE Medical Imaging 2016 Mar 24 (pp. 97871K-97871K). International Society for Optics and Photonics. (link) - 2016
• ◘ MN Patel, KC Young, MD Halling-Brown. Collection of sequential imaging events for research in breast cancer screening. In SPIE Medical Imaging 2016 Mar 25 (pp. 97890K-97890K). International Society for Optics and Photonics. (link) - 2016
• ◘ LM Warren, MD Halling-Brown, PT Looney et al.  Impact of two types of image processing on cancer detection in mammography.  In SPIE Medical Imaging 2016 Mar 24 (pp. 978704-978704). International Society for Optics and Photonics. (link) - 2016
• ◘ P Elangovan, F Alrehily, RF Pinto et al. Simulation of spiculated breast lesions.  In SPIE Medical Imaging 2016 Mar 22 (pp. 97832E-97832E). International Society for Optics and Photonics. (link) - 2016
• ◘ P Elangovan, DR Dance, KC Young, K Wells.  Generation of 3D synthetic breast tissue.  In SPIE Medical Imaging 2016 Mar 22 (pp. 978308-978308). International Society for Optics and Photonics. (link) - 2016
• ◘ A Hadjipanteli, P Elangovan, PT Looney et al.  Detection of microcalcification clusters by 2D-mammography and narrow and wide angle digital breast tomosynthesis. In SPIE Medical Imaging 2016 Mar 22 (pp. 978306-978306). International Society for Optics and Photonics. (link) - 2016
• ◘ A Hadjipanteli, P Elangovan, PT Looney et al. Detection of Microcalcification Clusters in 2D-Mammography and Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and the Relation to the Standard Method of Measuring Image Quality.  January 2016 . XIV Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing 2016 . 01/2016: pages 217-221; . ISBN: 978-3-319-32701-3. (link) - 2016
• ◘ P Elangovan, A Rashidnasab, A Mackenzie et al  Performance comparison of breast imaging modalities using a 4AFC human observer study  Proc. SPIE 9412, Medical Imaging 2015: Physics of Medical Imaging, 94121T (March 18, 2015) (link) - 2015
• ◘ J M Oduko, P Homolka, V Jones, D Whitwam  Dose and image quality measurements for contrast-enhanced dual energy mammography systems Proc. of SPIE, Medical Imaging 2015: Physics of Medical ImaginVol.9412, 94125I-1 (link) - 2015
• ◘ E Fredenberg, K Erhard, K Berggren et al  X-ray attenuation of adipose breast tissue: in-vitro and in-vivo measurements using spectral imaging  Proc. SPIE 9412, Medical Imaging 2015: Physics of Medical Imaging, 94121U (March 18, 2015) (link) - 2015
• ◘ A Rashidnasab, P Elangovan, A Mackenzie, D R Dance et al  Virtual clincal trials using inserted pathology in clinical images: investigation of assumptions for local glandularity and noise  Proc. SPIE 9412, Medical Imaging 2015: Physics of Medical Imaging, 94122D-94122D-7 (March 18, 2015) (link) - 2015
• ◘ M N Patel, P T Looney, K C Young, M D Halling-Brown  Quantitative imaging features: extension of the oncology medical image database  Proc. SPIE 9418, Medical Imaging 2015: PACS and Imaging Informatics: Next Generation and Innovations, 941812 (March 17, 2015) (link) - 2015
• ◘ P Looney, L M Warren, D R Dance, K C Young  Sampling probability distributions of lesions in mammograms Proc. SPIE 9418, Medical Imaging 2015: PACS and Imaging Informatics: Next Generation and Innovations, 94180R-94180R-8 (March 17, 2015) (link) - 2015
• ◘ C J Strudley, K C Young Evaluation of a New Design of Contrast-Detail Phantom for Mammography: CDMAM Model 4.0. In Breast Imaging, 12th International Workshop, IWDM 2014, H. Fujita, T. Hara, and C. Muramatsu (Eds.): LNCS 8539, pp. 217-224, 2014 (Berlin, Springer-Verlag). (link) - 2014
• ◘ R E van Engen, H Bosmans, R W Bouwman et al  A European Protocol for Technical Quality Control of Breast Tomosynthesis Systems   In Breast Imaging, 12th International Workshop, IWDM 2014, H.Fujita, T.Hara, and C. Muramatsu (Eds.): LNCS 8539, pp. 452-459, 2014 (Berlin, Springer-Verlag) (link) - 2014
• ◘  R W Bouwman, R E van Engen, D R Dance et al  Evaluation of Human Contrast Sensitivity Functions Used in the Nonprewhitening Model Observer with Eye Filter  In Breast Imaging, 12th International Workshop, IWDM 2014, H. Fujita, T. Hara, and C. Muramatsu (Eds.): LNCS 8539, pp.715-722, 2014 (Berlin, Springer-Verlag) (link) - 2014
• ◘ M D Halling-Brown, M Patel, P Looney, K C Young  Research database of oncology medial images  International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery 9 (2014) Supplement 1, S78-79 - 2014
• ◘ M Patel, J Burnett, P Looney et al  Automated collection of medical images for research  International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery 9 (2014) Supplement 1, S268-69 - 2014
• ◘ P T Looney, K C Young, A Mackenzie and M D Halling-Brown  MedXViewer: an extensible web-enabled software package for medical imaging  Proc. SPIE 9037, Medical Imaging 2014: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment, 90371K (March 11, 2014) (link) - 2014
• ◘ M N Patel, P Looney, K C Young and M D Halling-Brown  Automated collection of medical images for research from heterogeneous systems: trials and tribulations  Proc. SPIE 9039, Medical Imaging 2014: PACS and Imaging Informations: Next Generation and Innovations, 90390C (March 19, 2014) (link) - 2014
• ◘ L M Warren, L Dummott, M G Wallis et al Characterisation of screen-detected and simulated calcification clusters in digital mammograms IWDM, LNCS 8539, 364-371 (2014) (link) - 2014
• ◘ P T Looney, L M Warren, S M Astley et al Comparison of calcification cluster detection by CAD and human observer at different image quality levels  IWDM, LNCS 8539, 643-649 (2014) (link) - 2014
• ◘ M D Halling-Brown, P Looney, M Patel et al Mammographic Image Database (MIDB) and associated web-enabled software for research IWDM, LNCS 8539, 514-519 (2014) (link) - 2014
• ◘ A Mackenzie, L M Warren, D R Dance et al Using image simulation to test the effect of detector type on breast cancer detection  SPIE Medical Imaging 9037, 903701 (2014) (link) - 2014
• ◘ M Halling-Brown, P Looney, M Patel et al The oncology medical image database (OMI-DB)  SPIE Medical Imaging 9039, 903906 (2014) (link) - 2014
• ◘ J M Oduko, P Homolka, V Jones, D Whitwam  A protocol for quality control testing for contrast-enhanced dual energy mammography systems IWDM 2014 LNCS 8539, 407-414 2014 (link) - 2014
• ◘ E Fredenberg, D R Dance, P Willsher et al  Measurement of breast-tissue x-ray attenuation by spectral mammography: First results on cyst fluid  Proc. SPIE. 8668, Medical Imaging 2013: Physics of Medical Imaging 866820 (link) - 2013
• ◘ A Rashidnasab, P Elangovan, A Mackenzie et al  Simulation of 3D DLA masses in digital breast tomosynthesis  Proc. SPIE 8668, Medical Imaging 2013: Physics in Medical Imaging, 86680Y (link) - 2013
• ◘ L M Warren, J Cooke, R Given-Wilson et al  Effect of image processing on detection of non-calcification cancers in 2D digital mammography imaging SPIE Medical Imaging, Orlando, February 2013. (link) - 2013
• ◘ A Mackenzie, N M Marshall, D R Dance et al  Characterisation of a breast tomosynthesis unit to simulate images  Proc. SPIE. 8668, Medical Imaging 2013: Physics of Medical Imaging 86684R (link) - 2013
• ◘ C J Strudley, K C Young, J M Oduko et al  Development of a quality control protocol for digital breast tomosynthesis systems in the TOMMY trial  In: Breast Imaging, 11th International Workshop, IWDM 2012, ADA Maidment, PR Bakic and S Gavenonis (Eds), LNCS 7361, 330-337, 2012 (Berlin, Springer-Verlag) (link) - 2012
• ◘ D R Dance, C J Strudley, K C Young et al Comparison of breast doses for digital tomosynthesis estimated from patient exposures and using PMMA breast phantoms  In: Breast Imaging, 11th International Workshop, IWDM 2012, ADA Maidment, PR Bakic and S Gavenonis (Eds), LNCS 7361, 316-321, 2012 (Berlin, Springer-Verlag) (link) - 2012
• ◘ J M Oduko and K C Young  Long-term stability of image quality measurements for two digital mammography systems  In: Breast Imaging, 11th International Workshop, IWDM 2012, ADA Maidment, PR Bakic and S Gavenonis (Eds), LNCS 7361, 212-219, 2012 (Berlin, Springer-Verlag) (link) - 2012
• ◘ P Elangovan, A Rashidnasab, O Diaz et al A modelling framework for evaluation of 2d-mammography and breast tomosynthesis systems  In: Breast Imaging, 11th International Workshop, IWDM 2012, ADA Maidment, PR Bakic and S Gavenonis (Eds), LNCS 7361, 338-345, 2012 (Berlin, Springer-Verlag) (link) - 2012
• ◘ A Rashidnasab, P Elangovan, D R Dance et al  Modeling realistic breast lesions using diffusion limited aggregation.  Proc SPIE Medical Imaging (Volume 8313, 83134L) 2012 (link) - 2012
• ◘ A Rashidnasab, P Elangovan, D R Dance et al  Realistic simulation of breast mass appearance using random walk.  Proc SPIE Medical Imaging (Volume 8313, 83130L) 2012. (link) - 2012
• ◘ L M Warren, A Mackenzie, J Cooke et al  Investigating the relationship between calcification cluster detection in digital mammography and threshold gold thickness measurements.  In Proc SPIE Medical Imaging (Volume 8313, 83130J) 2012. (link) - 2012
• ◘ O Diaz, D R Dance, K C Young et al  A fast scatter field estimator for digital breast tomosynthesis.  Proc SPIE Medical Imaging (Volume 8313, 831305-1-9) 2012 (link) - 2012
• ◘ A Mackenzie, D R Dance, O Diaz et al  Converting one set of mammograms to simulate a range of detector imaging characteristics for observer studies.  In Breast Imaging, 11th International Workshop, IWDM 2012, ADA Maidment, PR Bakic and S Gavenonis (Eds), LNCS 7361, 394-401 (Berlin, Springer-Verlag) 2012 (link) - 2012
• ◘ E Shaheen, F Zanca, C van Ongeval et al. The morphology of microcalcifications in 2D digital mammography and breast tomosynthesis: is it different?  In: Breast Imaging, 11th International Workshop, IWDM 2012, ADA Maidment, PR Bakic and S Gavenonis (Eds), LNCS 7361, 362-368, 2012 (Berlin, Springer-Verlag) (link) - 2012
• ◘ R W Bouwman, D R Dance, K C Young, et al Considerations for QC phantoms used for Digital Breast Tomosynthesis  In: Breast Imaging, 11th International Workshop, IWDM 2012, ADA Maidment, PR Bakic and S Gavenonis (Eds), LNCS 7361, 322-329, 2012 (Berlin, Springer-Verlag) (link) - 2012
• ◘ A Mackenzie, A Workman, D R Dance and K C Young  Validation of a method to convert an image to appear as if acquired using a different digital detector. SPIE Medical Imaging, Buena Vista, Florida February 2011. Proc SPIE 79615Y-1 to 5Y-10 (2011) - 2011
• ◘ A Svalkvist, G Ullman, M HÃ¥kansson, et al.  Investigation of the effect of varying scatter-to-primary ratios on nodule contrast in chest tomosynthesis. SPIE Medical Imaging, Buena Vista, Florida February 2011. Proc SPIE 79614F-1 to F4-12 (2011). - 2011
• ◘ Diaz O, Yip M, Cabello J, et al.  Monte Carlo simulation of scatter field for calculation of contrast of discs in synthetic CDMAM images In: J. Martí E A, editor. Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 6136 628-635 (2010) - 2010
• ◘ Van Engen R E, Young K C, Bosmans H, et al  A supplement to the European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis In: J. Martì E A, editor. Proceedings of rnational Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 6136 643-650 (2010) - 2010
• ◘ Oduko J M, Young K C and Burch A  A survey of patient doses from digital mammography systems in the UK in 2007 to 2009 In: J. Martì E A, editor. Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 6136 365-370, (2010) - 2010
• ◘ Mackenzie A, Workman A, Dance D R, et al  Adapting clinical images to appear with different noise and sharpness to model a different detector In: J. Martí E A, editor. Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 6136 319-326 (2010) - 2010
• ◘ Yip M, Zanca F, Mackenzie A, et al  Validation of a simulated dose reduction methodology using digital mammography CDMAM images and mastectomy images In: J. Martí E A, editor. Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 6136 78-85 (2010) - 2010
• ◘ Yip M, Chukwu W, Kottis E, et al  Automated scoring method for the CDMAM phantom In Proc SPIE Medical Imaging Volume 7263, 72631A 1-10 (2009) - 2009
• ◘ Zanca F, Bosmans H, Jacobs J, et al  Contrast-Detail comparison between unprocessed and processed CDMAM images In Proc SPIE Medical Imaging Volume 7258, 72584Y 1-10 (2009) - 2009
• ◘ Ravaglia V , Bouwman R, Young K, et al  Noise analysis of full field digital mammography systems In Proc SPIE Medical Imaging Volume 7258, 72581B 1-11 (2009) - 2009
• ◘ Young K C, Alsager A, Dance D R, et al  Predicting contrast detail performance from objective measurements in digital mammography In Proc SPIE Medical Imaging Volume 7258, 72581C 1-11 (2009) - 2009
• ◘ Oduko J M, Young K C, Gundogdu O and Alsager A  Effect of using tungsten-anode x-ray tubes on dose and image quality in full-field digital mammography In: Krupinski E A, editor. Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 5116 522-529 (2008) - 2008
• ◘ Van Engen R, Bouwman R, Van Der Burght R, et al  Image quality measurements in breast tomosynthesis  In: Krupinski E A, editor. Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 5116 696-702 (2008) - 2008
• ◘ Young K C, Alsager A, Oduko J M, et al  Evaluation of software for reading images of the CDMAM test object to assess digital mammography systems. In Proc SPIE Medical Imaging 6913-47 1-11 (2008) - 2008
• ◘ Alsager A, Young K C and Oduko JM  Impact of heel effect and ROI size on the determination of contrast-to-noise ratio for digital mammography systems. In Proc SPIE Medical Imaging 6913-164 1-11 (2008) - 2008
• ◘ Yip M, Young K C, Lewis E, et al  Validation of digital mammography image simulation chain with automated scoring of CDMAM images In: Krupinski E A, editor. Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 5116 409-416 (2008) - 2008
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M, Gundogdu O and Alsager A  Comparing the performance of digital mammography systems In: Krupinski E A, editor. Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 5116 732-739 (2008) - 2008
• ◘ Bosmans H, Nijs K, Young K et al.  First validation of a new phantom for global quality control in digital mammography In Proc SPIE Medical Imaging Volume 614612 1-13 (2006) - 2006
• ◘ Young K C, Cook J J H and Oduko J M et al Automated and Human Determination of Threshold Contrast for Digital Mammography Systems In:  Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 4046 266-272 (2006) - 2006
• ◘ Young K C, Cook J J H and Oduko J M et al Use of the European Protocol to Optimise a Digital Mammography System In: Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Digital Mammography. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, LNCS 4046 362-369 (2006) - 2006
• ◘ Young K C, Cook J J H, Oduko J M and Bosmans H  Comparison of software and human observers in reading images of the CDMAM test object to assess digital mammography systems In Proc SPIE Medical Imaging 2006 Volume 614206 1-13 (2006) - 2006
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M and Bosmans H  Optimal beam quality selection in digital mammography In: Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Digital Mammography 105-109 (2005) - 2005
• ◘ Young K C, Johnson B, Bosmans H and Van Engen R  Development of minimum standards for image quality and dose in digital mammography Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Digital Mammography 149-154 (2005) - 2005
• ◘ Kaplish A, Pretlove J R G, Young K C and Horton P W  Investigation into the computer assessment of image quality in mammography In: Medical Imaging 1996: Image Processing, edited by Murray H. Loew, Kenneth M. Hanson, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 2710 (SPIE, Bellingham, WA) 979-987 (1996) - 1996
• ◘ Alistair Mackenzie, John Loveland and Ruben van Engen Survey of image processing settings used for mammography systems in the United Kingdom: how variable is it?  Proc. SPIE 13174, 17th International Workshop on Breast Imaging (IWBI 2024) 10.1117/12.3026876 (link) -

Books & Reports

• ◘ A Mackenzie and C D Borrelli Under-estimation of uterine dose in medio-lateral oblique by Martins et al Radiography 28 572–3 Online: http://www.radiographyonline.com/article/S1078817422000116/fulltext   (link) - 2022
• ◘ DR Dance. Radiation Dose in X-ray Mammography and Digital Breast Tomosynthesis. Chapter in Handbook of X-ray Imaging: Physics and Technology, Ed P Russo, CRC Press pp575-593, 2017. (link) - 2017
• ◘ DR Dance, J-C Rosenwald, G Alm Carlsson. 2018 Interactions of uncharged particles with matter. Chapter in Handbook of Radiotherapy Physics Edition 2, Editors P Mayles, A Nahum, J-C Rosenwald. Taylor and Francis, in press, 2018. - 2017
• ◘ DR Dance, IA Castellano. Patient dosimetry and dose. Chapter in: Diagnostic Radiology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students. (IAEA, Vienna) pp 551-588, 2014 - 2014
• ◘ JR Cunningham, DR Dance. Interaction of radiation with matter. Chapter in: Diagnostic Radiology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students.(IAEA, Vienna) pp 11-33,2014 (link) - 2014
• ◘ K-H Ng, DR Dance. Fundamentals of atomic and nuclear physics. Chapter in: diagnostic Radiology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students. (IAEA, Vienna) pp 1-10, 2014 (link) - 2014
• ◘ R E van Engen, H Bosmans, D R Dance et al  Digital mammography update. European protocol for the quality control of the physical and technical aspects of mammography screening. S1, Part 1: Acceptance and constancy testing. In: European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis. Fourth edition, Supplements. Perry N, Broeders M, de Wolf C, Törnberg S, Holland R, von Karsa L (eds.). European Commission, Office for Official Publications of the European Union, Luxembourg, pp. 1-54 (2013). - 2013
• ◘  R E van Engen, H Bosmans, P Heid et al  Digital mammography update. European protocol for the quality control of the physical and technical aspects of mammography screening. S1, Part 2: Type testing  In: European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis. Fourth edition, Supplements. Perry N, Broeders M, de Wolf C, Törnberg S, Holland R, von Karsa L (eds.). European Commission, Office for Official Publications of the European Union, Luxembourg, pp. 55-71 (2013). - 2013
• ◘ F J Gilbert, K C Young, S M Astley et al  Digital Breast Tomosynthesis   NHSBSP Publication No 69. September 2010 - 2010
• ◘ Young K C and Dance D R  Advances in X-ray mammography. In: Breast Cancer Ed. Michell M. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge (2010) - 2010
• ◘ Young K C, Van Engen R, Bosmans H, et al  Quality Control in Digital Mammography In Bick U and Diekmann F. Digital Mammography Ed. Springer: Heidelberg (2010) - 2010
• ◘ Yaffe M, Chevalier M, Heggie J C, et al Quality Assurance Programme for Screen-film Mammography IAEA Human Health Series No 2: Vienna (December 2009) - 2009
• ◘ Oduko J M, Young K C, Burch A, et al Review of Measurements on Full Field Digital Mammography Systems NHSBSP Equipment Report 0901 (January 2009) - 2009
• ◘ Oduko J M and Young K C Audit of Physics services to the NHSBSP in 2007 NHSBSP Publication 67 (December 2008) - 2008
• ◘ Oduko J M, Young K C, Burch A, et al Review of measurements on Full Field Digital Mammography Systems NHSBSP Equipment Report 0901 (January 2008) - 2008
• ◘ Burch A, Castellano I, Kulama E, et al Commissioning and Routine Testing of Small Field Digital Mammography Systems. NHSBSP Report 0705 (May 2007) - 2007
• ◘ Burch A, Whelehan P, Young K C and Cush S Routine quality control tests for full field digital mammography systems NHSBSP Equipment Report 0702 (February 2007) - 2007
• ◘ Workman A, Castallano I, Kulama et al Commissioning and routine testing of full field digital mammography systems NHSBSP Equipment Report 0604 (June 2006) - 2006
• ◘ Van Engen R, Young K C, Bosmans H and Thijssen M  The European protocol for the quality control of the physical and technical aspects of mammography screening In: European Guidelines for Breast Cancer Screening, 4th Edition. Luxembourg: European Commission (2006) - 2006
• ◘ Young K C and Kitou D  Review of Literature on Digital Mammography in Screening NHSBSP Equipment Report 0502 (December 2005) - 2005
• ◘ Young K C and Oduko J M Evaluation of Kodak DirectView Mammography Computerised Radiography NHSBSP Equipment Report 0504 (December 2005) - 2005
• ◘ Moore A C, Dance D R, Evans D S et al  The commissioning and routine testing of mammographic X-ray systems Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine, IPEM Report No 89 (2005) - 2005
• ◘ Young K C and Oduko J M Review of Computerised Radiography Systems in the NHSBSP NHSBSP Equipment Report 0501 (April 2005) - 2005
• ◘ Young K C and Oduko J M Evaluation of the Kodak Min-R EV mammography film-screen system NHSBSP Equipment Report 0401 (July 2004) - 2004
• ◘ Young K C Report Breast Dose Surveys in the NHSBSP: Software And Instruction Manual Version 2.0 04/July (2004) - 2004
• ◘ Young K C, Faulkner K, Wall B and Muirhead C Review of radiation risk in breast screening NHSBSP Publication No 54 (February 2003) - 2003
• ◘ Van Engen R, Young K, Bosmans H and Thijssen M A O  The European Protocol for the Quality Control of the Physical and Technical Aspects of Mammography Screening: Addendum on Digital Mammography (Luxembourg, EC) (2003) - 2003
• ◘ Young K C and Schofield K An assessment of automatic beam quality selection by the Lorad M-IV X-ray set. NHSBSP Report 02/01 (January 2002) - 2002
• ◘ Young K C Breast dose surveys in the NHSBSP: Software and instruction manual NHSBSP Report 01/10 (October 2001) - 2001
• ◘ Meeson S and Young K C Image feature of true positive and false negative cancers in screening mammograms NHSBSP Report 01/07 (August 2001) - 2001
• ◘ Young K C, Dance D R and Moore A Guidance on beam quality selection in the NHS Breast Screening Programme NHSBSP Report 01/06 (June 2001) - 2001
• ◘ Lawinski C P, Young K C and Hancock C W A review of digital imaging in mammography and its application in the NHSBSP NHSBSP Report 01/05 (June 2001) - 2001
• ◘ Young K C  Audit of physics services to the NHSBSP in 2001 NHSBSP Report 01/03 (April 2001) - 2001
• ◘ Thijssen M A O, Young K C and Woudenberg S Van  The European Protocol for the Quality Control of the Physical and Technical Aspects of Mammography Screening In "European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Mammography Screening" (Third edition Luxembourg, EC) (2001) - 2001
• ◘ Young K C  Clinical experience with small field digital mammography systems NHSBSP Report 00/2 (June 2000) - 2000
• ◘ Young K C and Ramsdale M Performance of mammographic equipment in the UK Breast screening programme in 2000/2001 NHSBSP Publication No 56 (September 2000) - 2000
• ◘ Young K C, Ramsdale M L and Rust A  Performance of mammographic equipment in the UK Breast Screening Programme in 1998/9 NHSBSP Publication No 45 (March 2000) - 1998
• ◘ National survey of mammographic image quality and dose in the UK Breast Screening Programme NHSBSP Publication No 37 (March 1998) - 1998
• ◘ National survey of mammographic image quality and dose in the UK Breast Screening Programme NHSBSP Publication No 37 (March 1998) - 1998
• ◘ Young K C, Ramsdale M L and Rust A The performance of mammographic equipment in the UK Breast Screening Programme in 1997 NHSBSP Publication No 41 (December 1997) - 1997
• ◘ Thijssen M A O, Young K C and Wodenberg S van  The European Protocol for the Quality Control of the Physical and Technical Aspects of Mammography Screening In "European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Mammography Screening" (Luxembourg, EC) (1996) - 1996
• ◘ Young K C, Ramsdale M L and Rust A Mammographic dose and image quality in the UK Breast Screening Programme NHSBSP Publication No 35 (March 1995) - 1995
• ◘ Young K C, Ramsdale M L and Horton PW December  Review of mammography equipment and its performance NHSBSP Publication No 24 (1992) - 1992

Abstracts

• ◘ C Fedon, M Hill, H Bosmans et al  2019 Validation of volumetric breast density software using a 3D printed single-material breast phantom ECR 2019 Electronic Posters, EPOS, DOI: 10.26044/ecr2019/C-2270 - 2019
• ◘ C Fedon, R van Engen, J Binst et al 2019 Proposal of a breast phantom for dosimetry quality control procedures in digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis ECR 2019 book of abstracts: Insights in Imaging paper B1839 - 2019
• ◘ J Boita, A Mackenzie, R van Engen et al. Development of algorithms to degrade the image quality of mammograms for lesion detectability studies.  ECR 2018 B-0550 (2018). - 2018
• ◘ M L Hill, N Khan, K Wang et al Contrast-to-Noise Ratio for Clinical Mammographic Images  RSNA 2017 SSQ18-03 (2017) - 2017
• ◘ A Mackenzie, LM Warren, M Patel et al. PB.20 Characterisation of cancers from digital mammograms from a large scale database: size, conspicuity and appearance.  Breast Cancer Research Vol 18 Supplement 1. (link) - 2016
• ◘ E Fredenberg, DR Dance, KC Young et al. X-ray Attenuation of Normal and Cancerous Breast Tissue Measured with Photon-counting Spectral Imaging. RSNA Annual Meeting 2015 - 2015
• ◘ P Elangovan, A Rashidnasab, A Mackenzie et al.  A 4AFC Observer Study to Compare the Visibility of Masses in 2D-mammography and Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Systems. RSNA Annual Meeting 2014. - 2014
• ◘ M Patel, P Looney, K Young and M Halling-Brown  A National Digital Mammography Image Database and Associated Observer Study Software  In Symposium Mammographicum 2014 Meeting Abstracts (London, British Institute of Radiology) abstract P44, page 26 - 2014
• ◘ L Warren, L Dummott, M Wallis et al How do the results of virtual clinical trials using simulated cancers relate to cancer detection in screening  British Journal of Radiology 2014 abstract P48, page 26 (link) - 2014
• ◘ P Looney, L Warren, S Astley et al Comparison of calcification cluster detection by CAD and human observers at different image quality level  British Journal of Radiology 2014 abstract P46, page 26 (link) - 2014
• ◘ L Warren, A Mackenzie, J Cooke et al Does digital mammography detector type and dose level affect calcification detection? European Congress of Radiology March, 2012 - 2012
• ◘ L M Warren, A Mackenzie, J Cooke et al  The effect of change in image quality on cancer detection in digital mammography. British Journal of Radiology 2012 abstract P15, page 13 ' (link) - 2012
• ◘ P T Looney, M Halling-Brown, R Given-Wilson et al  A national digital mammography image resource. British Journal of Radiology 2012 abstract P29, page 19' (link) - 2012
• ◘ J M Oduko, E H L Mungutroy, M Bowron Automating the collection of data for patient dose surveys. British Journal of Radiology 2012 page 2' (link) - 2012
• ◘ C J Strudley, P T Looney, K C Young, F J Gilbert Technical performance of the seven Hologic Dimensions tomosynthesis systems used in the TOMMY trial. British Journal of Radiology 2012 abstract P19, page 15 - 2012
• ◘ C J Strudley, J M Oduko, P T Looney et al Physics tomosynthesis quality control tests for the TOMMY trial. British Journal of Radiology 2012 abstract P22, page 14' (link) - 2012
• ◘ C J Strudley, J M Oduko, A Barnard et al Radiographer tomosynthesis quality control tests for the TOMMY trial. British Journal of Radiology 2012 abstract P22, page 16 ' (link) - 2012
• ◘ D R Dance, K C Young and R E van Engen  Proposed European protocol for the estimation of average glandular dose for digital breast tomosynthesis. European Congress of Radiology, Vienna, 2011. Insights into Imaging (ECR Book of Abstracts), Vol 2 (Suppl. 1) S161 (2011) - 2011
• ◘ L Warren, A Mackenzie, J Cooke et al  Dependence of detectability of micro-calcification clusters on quality of mammography images, RCR breast group meeting. Breast Cancer Research 2011, 13(Suppl 1):P23 - 2011
• ◘ F J Gilbert, M G C Gillan, M J Michell et al  TOMMY Trial (a comparison of tomosynthesis with digital mammography in the UK NHS breast screening programme) setting up a multicentre imaging trial. Breast Cancer Research 2011, 13(Suppl 1):P28 - 2011
• ◘ L M Warren, A Mackenzie, J Cooke, et al  Dependence of detectability of micro-calcification clusters on quality of mammography images. Royal College of Radiologists Breast Group Meeting, Glasgow, November 2012. Breast Cancer Research 2011, Volume 13 Suppl 1 S7-S8 (2011) - 2011
• ◘ L Warren, A Mackenzie, D R Dance, et al.  Observer study to investigate the detection of micro-calcification clusters in digital mammography images of different image quality. Proceedings of the UK Radiological Congress, Manchester June 2011 p13 (2011) - 2011
• ◘ L M Warren, F H Green, L Shrestha, et al.  Validation of the insertion of micro-calcification clusters into mammographic images for observer studies. European Medical Physics and Engineering Conference, Dublin, EMPEC 2011 Abstracts Book paper 91 (2011) - 2011
• ◘ A. Jacobs, L. Cockmartin, D. R. Dance, H. Bosmans  Digital Breast Tomosynthesis: comparison of different methods to calculate patient doses. European Congress of Radiology, Vienna, 2011. Published on-line as electronic poster C2220 (2011) - 2011
• ◘ K Young, L Warren, D Dance, et al.  Are the image quality standards in the EU mammography guidelines relevant to clinical performance? European Medical Physics and Engineering Conference, Dublin, EMPEC 2011 Abstracts Book paper 143 (2011) - 2011
• ◘ Young K C  Full field digital mammography: which equipment? Breast Cancer Res 10 (Suppl 3) :P33 (doi: 10.1186/bcr2031) (2008) - 2008
• ◘ Oduko J M, Young K C and Cook J J H  Image quality and dose for digital mammography systems European Congress of Radiology, Book of Abstracts, European Radiology, Supplement 1, Volume 16 336 (2006) - 2006
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M and Bosmans H  Optimisation of digital mammography systems European Congress of Radiology, Book of abstracts, European Radiology, Supplement 1,Volume 16 255 (2006) - 2006
• ◘ Bosmans H, Rogge F, Carton A K et al  Practical experience with the application of the "Digital addendum of the European protocol for quality assurance in mammography" European Radiology 14 Supplement 2:516 (abstract) (2004) - 2004
• ◘ Thijssen M A O, Van Engen R, Bosmans H and Young K C  The digital addendum to the European Protocol for QC in mammography screening European Radiology 14: Supplement 2: 134 (abstract) (2004) - 2004
• ◘ Johnson B P, Young K C and Bosmans H  Image quality and dose in digital mammography In Proceedings of UK Radiological Congress 2003 (British Institute of Radiology, London) (2003) - 2003
• ◘ Wallis M G, Young K C, Blanks R and Moss S M  Influence of number of views and mammographic film density on cancer detection rates in breast screening Journal of Medical Screening, 4, 4 (1997) - 1997
• ◘ Young K C, Ramsdale M L and Rust A  Image quality variations in the UK NHS breast screening programme Journal of Medical Screening, 4, 5 (1997) - 1997

Technical Evaluations

• ◘ C J Strudley, L M Warren, K C Young. Technical evaluation of EIZO RadiForce RX850 8MP monitor.  NCCPM Technical Report 1801, June 2018. (link) - 2018
• ◘ Strudley C J, Young K C, Oduko J M  Technical evaluation of the IMS Giotto 3DL Digital Breast Imaging System  NHSBSP Equipment Report 1301 (link) - 2013
• ◘ Oduko J M, Young K C, Warren L M  Technical evaluation of the Fuji Amulet f/s Digital Breast Imaging System NHSBSP Equipment Report 1304 (May 2013) (link) - 2013
• ◘ Oduko J M, Young K C  Technical evaluation of Philips MicroDose L30 with AEC software version 8.3  NHSBSP equipment report 1305 (October 2013) (link) - 2013
• ◘ Strudley C J, Warren L M, Young K C  Technical evaluation of Siemens Mammomat Inspiration digital breast tomosynthesis system NHSBSP Equipment Report 1306 (October 2013) (link) - 2013
• ◘ Strudley C J, Looney P, Young K C Technical evaluation of Hologic Selenia Dimensions digital breast tomosynthesis system  NHSBSP Equipment Report 1307 (October 2013) (link) - 2013
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M  Technical evaluation of Hologic Selenia Dimensions 2-D Digital Breast Imaging System with software version 1.4.2   NHSBSP Equipment Report 1201 (July 2012) (link) - 2012
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M, Warren L M  Technical evaluation of Hologic Selenia Dimensions 2-D digital breast imaging system   NHSBSP Equipment Report 1101 (February 2011) (link) - 2011
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M, Gundogdu O and Alsager A Technical Evaluation of Siemens Mammomat Inspiration of full Field Digital Mammography System NHSBSP Equipment Report 0909 (December 2009 )' (link) - 2009
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M and Asad M Technical Evaluation of Agfa DX-M Mammography CR Reader with HM5.0 Needle-IP NHSBSP Equipment Report 0905 (November 2009)' (link) - 2009
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M and Asad M Technical Evaluation of Fuji Amulet Full Field Digital Mammography System NHSBSP Equipment Report 0907 (November 2009)' (link) - 2009
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M, Gundogdu O and Asad M Technical Evaluation of Profile Automatic Exposure Control Software on GE Essential Full Field Digital Mammography Systems NHSBSP Equipment Report 0903 (May 2009)' (link) - 2009
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M, Gundogdu O and Alsager A Technical Evaluation of the Konica Minolta Regius 190 CR Mammography System NHSBSP Equipment Report 0806 (December 2008)' (link) - 2008
• ◘ Young K C, Oduko J M and Alsager A Technical Evaluation of the Sectra MDM-L30 Full Field Digital Mammography System NHSBSP Equipment Report 0805 (November 2008)' (link) - 2008
• ◘ Young K C and Oduko J M Technical evaluation of a new version of the Fuji AD mammography film-screen system NHSBSP Equipment Report 0402 (February 2004)' (link) - 2004